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作为精密测量工具，千分尺（又称螺旋测微器）和游标卡尺被广泛用于精密加工之中，并被业内人所熟知着，然而测量值本就不是个绝对值，只有正确使用了测量工具才能无穷大的去接近他的真身，这两种测量工具，你们都会用吗？
使用前不要忘了校准调零哦！
通常情况下，当基线对正后，可以通过基线的位置来估读尺寸的最后一位数。
可以像上图那样读取到分度值0.01mm，也可以像下图所示那样，读取分度值到0.001mm。
带游标刻度的千分尺在套管基线的上面有游标刻度，此时的读数方法如下图所示：
②当指引线为两个刻度(在这种情况下，21和22)之间的位置时，读取0.21mm。
③当游标尺刻度与其中一个微分筒刻度对齐时，读取0.003mm。
1）基线下面的刻度不要漏读或读错。
2）读取微分筒刻度线时须从正面直视基线。
▲ 正面直视基线
如果像（a）或（c）那样有倾斜角度去读数（如下图），会受到视觉偏差的影响无法读取刻度的正确位置，造成读数错误。
使用前不要忘了校准调零哦！
提示：② 0.15mm是读取的主尺刻度与游标刻度重合的位置。
观察游标卡尺会发现，游标尺的刻度被刻在卡尺尺框上，且每个刻度比主标尺刻度1mm要短0.05mm。
这意味着，随着卡尺量爪打开，每次连续移动0.05mm均会使后续游标尺线与主标尺线重合，所以计数单位为0.05mm。或者，可使一个游标分格比主尺的两个分格短0.05mm，以形成长游标尺。这使刻度更易读，但原理和分度仍相同。
见①如B图滑块向右方移动0.1mm时，与主标尺第2根刻度重合…进行步骤②，读取到0.1mm。
初期的卡尺是将主标尺的19个刻度全部20等分，每一个分度为0.05mm，但是在狭窄的范围内寻找一致的线非常烦琐，因此，自20世纪70年代起，人们普遍采用将主标尺的39个刻度全部20等分的长游标刻度的游标卡尺了。
为了读取比0.05mm更小的单位，也曾出现过将主尺的49个刻度均50等分、每一个分度为0.02mm类型的游标卡尺，不过，因数显显示为0.01mm的数显卡尺的出现，现在这种类型的游标卡尺很少了。
专栏：行业资讯
作者：
行业资讯
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